KO‘MIR GAZIFIKATSIYASI ASOSIDA “YASHIL ENERGIYA” OLISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Abstract
Ushbu tadqiqotda ko‘mir gazifikatsiyasi asosida “yashil energiya” olish imkoniyatlari laboratoriya sharoitida yarim-eksperimental metodika yordamida o‘rganildi. Asosiy xomashyo sifatida mahalliy ko‘mir va biomassa (guruch qobig‘i) qo‘llanilib, ularning turli nisbatdagi aralashmalari (100% ko‘mir; 85% ko‘mir + 15% biomassa; 70% ko‘mir + 30% biomassa) gazifikatsiya jarayonida sinovdan o‘tkazildi. Tajribalar 850–900°C harorat oralig‘ida, bug‘li muhitda olib borildi. Jarayon davomida hosil bo‘lgan gaz aralashmasining tarkibi (H₂, CO, CO₂ va CH₄) tahlil qilinib, gazifikatsiya samaradorligi baholandi.
Natijalar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, biomassa qo‘shilishi gaz tarkibida vodorod ulushining sezilarli darajada oshishiga olib keladi. Xususan, 100% ko‘mirda H₂ miqdori 32–35% ni tashkil etgan bo‘lsa, 70% ko‘mir va 30% biomassa aralashmasida bu ko‘rsatkich 45–50% gacha yetdi. Shu bilan birga, CO₂ miqdorining kamayishi va qattiq qoldiq miqdorining 20–25% dan 15–18% gacha pasayishi kuzatildi, bu esa jarayonning yanada to‘liq amalga oshganini ko‘rsatadi. Hosil bo‘lgan sintez-gazning pastki yonish issiqligi 12–15 MJ/m³ oralig‘ida bo‘lib, uning energiya manbai sifatida samaradorligini tasdiqlaydi.
Olingan natijalar asosida ko‘mir va biomassa aralashmasi gazifikatsiyasi an’anaviy ko‘mir gazifikatsiyasiga nisbatan yuqori energetik samaradorlik va pastroq ekologik ta’sirga ega ekanligi aniqlandi. Taklif etilgan metodika soddaligi, iqtisodiyligi va samaradorligi bilan ajralib turib, “yashil energiya” olishda istiqbolli yo‘nalish sifatida baholanadi.
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