HYDROBIONTS AS BIOINDICATORS OF POLLUTION IN THE SYR DARYA RIVER
Keywords:
Hydrobionts, bioindicators, water pollution, the Syr Darya River, aquatic ecosystems, water quality, heavy metals, pesticides, aquatic invertebrates, phytoplankton.Abstract
Hydrobionts in the Syr Darya River serve as bioindicators for assessing water system ecology due to anthropogenic pollution. Their sensitivity helps identify ecosystem changes, crucial for the basin where ecological and human challenges affect water quality. The Syr Darya Basin faces impacts from agriculture and irrigation, leading to increased soil salinity and water mineralization. This degradation is worsened by land reclamation and infiltration runoff. Microplastics pollute the river, with high levels in surface water and sediments of tributaries, particularly in the Kara Darya and Chirchiq rivers. Changes in terrestrial and groundwater storage, driven by climate and human activities, stress water resources through evapotranspiration and insufficient irrigation replenishment. These factors highlight hydrobionts' importance as bioindicators for river monitoring and water management.
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