THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN MODERN INFORMATION SOCIETY: SMART HOME AND SMART CITY SYSTEMS

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a revolutionary technological paradigm that enables interconnected devices to collect, process, and exchange data with minimal human intervention. This paper explores the evolution of IoT, its historical milestones, and its practical applications in modern society. The study highlights the role of IoT in industrial, commercial, and domestic environments, including smart homes, smart cities, and urban infrastructure. Key factors driving IoT adoption, such as convenience, safety, and efficiency, are analyzed, alongside challenges related to data security, privacy, and technical compatibility. The article demonstrates how IoT technologies are transforming socio-economic structures, enhancing productivity, and reshaping daily life.