DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ ANALYTICAL AND CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING
Keywords:
independent learning, analytical thinking, critical thinking, higher education, self-regulated learning, formative assessment, problem-based learning, digital pedagogy.Abstract
This article explores how the effective organization of independent learning contributes to the development of students’ analytical and critical thinking skills in higher education. In contemporary competency-based education, fostering higher-order cognitive skills is a strategic priority. The study follows the IMRAD structure and applies a mixed-method research design, including experimental implementation, surveys, classroom observation, and comparative performance analysis. The findings indicate that structured independent learning supported by problem-based tasks, formative assessment, reflective practice, and digital tools significantly enhances analytical reasoning, critical evaluation, and academic performance. A conceptual model for organizing independent learning aimed at critical thinking development is proposed. The article concludes with practical and institutional recommendations.
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