ENERGY-EFFICIENT AND SELF-POWERED SYSTEMS IN BIOMEDICAL DEVICES BASED ON PIEZOELECTRIC AND THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS
Keywords:
Piezoelectric effect, energy-efficient systems, thermoelectric effect, medical electronics, low-power systems, smart materials, medical electronics, bioenergy harvesting, remote health monitoring, sustainable energy, wearable medical devices.Abstract
This article explores the development and application of energy-efficient and self-powered systems in biomedical devices using piezoelectric and thermoelectric effects. As the demand for compact, wearable, and implantable medical technologies increases, the need for sustainable energy sources becomes critical. Piezoelectric materials generate electricity from mechanical movements such as body motion or heartbeats, while thermoelectric materials convert body heat into usable electrical energy. These mechanisms allow biomedical devices to operate without frequent battery replacement, significantly improving patient comfort and long-term reliability. The study reviews recent advances in material science, system integration challenges, and real-world implementations in biosensors, pacemakers, and neural stimulators. Furthermore, it analyzes the efficiency, biocompatibility, and safety of such systems in clinical environments. The research highlights the future potential of self-powered biomedical technologies to revolutionize personalized healthcare and remote patient monitoring.
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