ANALYSIS OF LIGHT-ACTIVATED PHOTOSENSITIVE BIOMATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN ONCOLOGY
Keywords:
Photosensitive biomaterials, light-activated therapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), photoresponsive nanomaterials, oncological applications, targeted cancer treatment, photo-triggered drug release, upconversion nanoparticles, stimuli-responsive hydrogels, minimally invasive oncology, nanotechnology in cancer therapy.Abstract
Photosensitive biomaterials activated by specific wavelengths of light have emerged as powerful tools in modern oncology, offering precise spatial and temporal control over therapeutic interventions. These materials, often integrated with nanotechnology, respond to light by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), releasing drugs, or undergoing structural transformations that target cancerous cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissues. One of the most prominent applications is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which uses photosensitizers embedded within biocompatible carriers to selectively destroy tumor cells upon light activation. Recent advances in material science have led to the development of next-generation light-activated systems, including upconversion nanoparticles, photoresponsive hydrogels, and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, which enhance tissue penetration, targeting accuracy, and treatment efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms, types, and biomedical implementations of photosensitive biomaterials in oncology, highlighting their therapeutic advantages, current limitations, and future potential in personalized, minimally invasive cancer treatment strategies.
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