SIGNAL REPRESENTATION AND CLASSIFICATION IN THE TIME DOMAIN

Abstract

Signals represent physical processes that convey information through variations of their parameters over time. In modern engineering and information systems, signal analysis plays a fundamental role in the transmission, processing, and interpretation of information. This paper presents a theoretical overview of signal representation and classification based on the nature of their argument and amplitude values. Deterministic and non-deterministic processes are discussed, highlighting their mathematical description and practical relevance. Special attention is given to continuous-time signals with continuous amplitude values, which are widely used to model real physical phenomena. Time-domain and spectral representations of signals are considered, emphasizing their complementary roles in signal analysis. Continuous harmonic signals generated by standard signal generators are analyzed as typical examples, and their key parameters such as amplitude, period, phase, and DC component are explained. The presented discussion forms a theoretical basis for further analysis and processing of analog and discrete signals in communication and measurement systems.